However, continuous murmurs cannot be directly placed into either category.
2.
Another not that common cause of a continuous murmur is a ruptured sinus of valsalva.
3.
Severe coarctation of the aorta can present with a continuous murmur : a systolic component at the left infraclavicular region and the back due to the stenosis, and a diastolic component over the chest wall due to blood flow through collateral vessels.
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